Frailty impacts various general aspects of health care and, in particular, organ transplantation, including patient selection, waitlist management and treatment posttransplant. In general, frailty has been characterized by a compromised physiological reserve. In comparison to healthy aging, inflammatory markers and cytokines are increased in frail older adults. Thus, modifications of the immune response, in addition to physical limitations and changes of metabolism, are likely to impact outcomes after transplantation. This activity will discuss the importance of a risk assessment of frailty at the time of transplant evaluation and review effects on outcomes and recovery posttransplant.

Learning Objectives
At the end of this educational activity, participants should be able to:

1. Summarize the pathophysiology of frailty and consequences on immune responses and metabolism.
2. Discuss how frailty impacts transplant outcomes.
3. Define the role that frailty plays in identifying transplant candidates.

Presenter

Michelle James, MS, RN, CNS, CCTN, APRN-BC Solid Organ Transplant Service Line Administrative Director University of Minnesota Health Minneapolis, MN

Michael Petty, PhD, RN, CCNS, ACNS-BC Adjunct Clinical Assistant Professor Cardiothoracic Clinical Nurse Specialist University of Minnesota Medical Center; University of Minnesota Health Minneapolis, MN

Faculty Planners

Disclosures of Relevant Financial Relationships
In accordance with the ACCME Standards for Commercial Support^SM, OptumHealth Education requires all those in the control of activity content to disclose their relevant financial relationships. An individual has a relevant financial relationship if such person (or his/her spouse/partner) has a financial relationship in any amount occurring in the last 12 months with a commercial interest whose products or services relate to the activity content.

OptumHealth Education ensures that the content is independent of commercial bias.

Ms. Chart and Ms. Gleason have indicated that they are employees of and own stock in UnitedHealth Group.
The remaining activity faculty or planners have no financial relationships to disclose.

Method of participation
There are no fees for participating in or receiving credit for this activity. For information on applicability and acceptance of continuing education credit for this activity, please consult your professional licensing board.

Participants will receive a certificate upon successful completion of the activity, which includes the following:

• Completing the entire activity
• Completing the pre- and post-activity assessments, activity evaluation and application for certificate of credit

You must be logged into your account to participate in this activity. Get started by clicking "Begin" and viewing the "CE Info"; then follow the prompts at the bottom of the screen. At the end of the activity, you will be able to view, save or print your certificate of participation. The Area of Practice you indicated in your profile corresponds with your certificate type. A complete listing of all of your activities can be found under "My Account," "My Activities."

Method for Calculating CE Credit
CE credit was calculated by the complexity of content.

Accreditation Statement
In support of improving patient care, OptumHealth Education is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) to provide continuing education for the health care team.

Credit designation statements
This activity was planned by and for the health care team, and learners will receive 0.75 Interprofessional Continuing Education (IPCE) credits for learning and change.

Nurses
The participant will be awarded up to 0.75 contact hour(s) of credit for attendance and completion of supplemental materials.

Nurse Practitioners
The American Academy of Nurse Practitioners Certification Program (AANPCP) accepts credit from organizations accredited by the ACCME and ANCC.

Pharmacists/Pharmacy Technicians
This activity is approved for 0.75 contact hour(s) ([0.075] CEU) in states that recognize ACPE.
Attending the full program will earn 0.75 contact hour(s).
Unique Activity Number(s): JA0007123-0000-18-149-H01-P/T

Physicians
OptumHealth Education designates this enduring activity for a maximum of 0.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Physician Assistants
The American Academy of Physician Assistants (AAPA) accepts credit from organizations accredited by the ACCME.

Case Managers
This program has been pre-approved by The Commission for Case Manager Certification to provide Ethics continuing education credit to CCM^® board certified case managers. The course is approved for 0.75 CE contact hours. (Please reference the 26th Annual National Conference when contacting CCMC to claim credit for this activity.)
CCMC Ethics credit is approved for this course. The CCMC Code of Professional Conduct will be referenced in this presentation. View the CCMC Code of Professional Conduct here.The Commission for Case Manager Certification has approved this program for a maximum of 0.75 clock hour(s) for Certified Case Managers (CCM). (Please reference the 26th Annual National Conference when contacting CCMC to claim credit for this activity.)

Attendance
A certificate of attendance will be provided to learners upon completion of activity requirements, enabling participants to register with licensing boards or associations that have not been pre-approved for credits. To apply for credit types not listed above, participants should use the procedure established by the specific organization to which you wish you apply credit.

Provided By
This activity is provided by OptumHealth Education.

Commercial Support
No commercial support was received for this activity.

Hardware/Software Requirements
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